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12 Axes Test
Portrait of Ronald Reagan

Fortieth US president

Ronald Reagan’s political views

US president from 1981 to 1989, who cut taxes and regulation, rebuilt the military and combined hard-line rhetoric toward the Soviet Union with arms-control talks.

Presidency
40th, 1981–1989
Party
Republican
Lived
1911–2004
Scored on
8 of 12 axes

Strongest documented leanings

  1. Privatize82%
  2. Laissez-faire82%
  3. Federal75%
Where Reagan stood on the twelve axes
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Where Reagan stood on the twelve axes

Each bar is one axis, between its two poles. Only axes with a documented position are scored; the others are shown as faint stubs on the icon and listed below, never as neutral.

Based on his first inaugural address and his record as president.

  • Federal vs UnitaryFederal 75%
    FederalUnitary

    Proposed a “New Federalism” to hand programmes back to the states, and said the states created the federal government.

  • Nationalism vs InternationalismNationalism 60%
    NationalismInternationalism

    Announced the Strategic Defense Initiative in March 1983 as a shield the United States would build itself, and signed the INF Treaty with Gorbachev on 8 December 1987.

  • Militarist vs PacifistMilitarist 72%
    MilitaristPacifist

    Raised defence spending sharply and ordered the 1983 invasion of Grenada, while holding to “peace through strength”.

  • Assimilationist vs MulticulturalistAssimilationist 52%
    AssimilationistMulticulturalist

    Signed the Immigration Reform and Control Act on 6 November 1986, which gave legal status to people who had lived in the country since 1982 and made hiring undocumented workers illegal.

  • Collectivize vs PrivatizePrivatize 82%
    CollectivizePrivatize

    Cut top income tax rates in 1981 and 1986, and said in his first inaugural that government is not the solution but the problem.

  • Planned vs Laissez-faireLaissez-faire 82%
    PlannedLaissez-faire

    Ended federal price controls on oil in 1981 and loosened the rules on savings banks in 1982.

  • Irreligious vs ReligiousReligious 68%
    IrreligiousReligious

    Called the Soviet Union an “evil empire” in a speech to evangelicals, and backed a school-prayer amendment.

  • Progressive vs TraditionalTraditional 70%
    ProgressiveTraditional

    Wrote an essay against abortion in 1983 and appealed to traditional family values.

No documented position, so not scored: Democratic vs Autocratic, Security vs Freedom, Isolationism vs Globalism, and Acceleration vs Bioconservative.

What shaped the scores

Dated actions from the record. Each is tied to the axis it informs.

  1. In his first inaugural address he says that government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem.

    Collectivize vs Privatize

    Presidency of Ronald Reagan · Wikipedia
  2. He signs the Economic Recovery Tax Act, which cuts the top marginal rate from 70% to 50% and indexes the brackets to inflation.

    Collectivize vs Privatize

    Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 · Wikipedia
  3. He fires more than 10,000 striking air traffic controllers after a 48-hour deadline to return to work.

    Presidency of Ronald Reagan · Wikipedia
  4. He signs the Garn–St Germain Act, which loosens the rules on savings banks.

    Planned vs Laissez-faire

    Presidency of Ronald Reagan · Wikipedia
  5. He calls the Soviet Union an evil empire in a speech to evangelicals.

    Irreligious vs Religious

    Presidency of Ronald Reagan · Wikipedia
  6. He orders the invasion of Grenada.

    Militarist vs Pacifist

    Presidency of Ronald Reagan · Wikipedia

Questions about Ronald Reagan’s politics

US president from 1981 to 1989, who cut taxes and regulation, rebuilt the military and combined hard-line rhetoric toward the Soviet Union with arms-control talks. On our twelve axes, the strongest documented leanings are Privatize 82%, Laissez-faire 82%, Federal 75%.

Those labels changed meaning over time, so this site describes Reagan on twelve axes instead. On the economy, Reagan’s record leans toward free markets and private provision. On social questions it leans traditional. The scores above give the evidence behind each axis.

Ronald Reagan was a Republican. Reagan was the 40th president, serving 1981–1989.

On the axes they are both scored on, Reagan is closest to James K. Polk, Grover Cleveland, Calvin Coolidge and furthest from Lyndon B. Johnson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt.

The Economic Recovery Tax Act, signed on 13 August 1981, cut the top marginal rate from 70% to 50% and indexed the tax brackets to inflation. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 cut the top rate again.

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Sources and credits

Main source: First Inaugural Address of Ronald Reagan · The Avalon Project

Also read

Portrait: Michael Evans (White House), 1981 · Public domain

Scores are editorial estimates from the public record, not measurements. A place on this site is not praise.

How close are you to Reagan?

Take the test and see how your twelve scores compare, axis by axis.